Nunavut Legal Services Study

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Table of Contents

• LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
• ACRONYMS
• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
• 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 PURPOSE
  • 1.2 METHODOLOGY
    • 1.2.1 Interviews
    • 1.2.2 Document review
    • 1.2.3 File-based research
    • 1.2.4 Workshops
    • 1.2.5 Client interviews
  • 1.3 EFFECT OF INTERACTIONS IN THE NUNAVUT LEGAL SYSTEM
  • 1.4 FORMAT OF THE FINAL REPORT
• 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: NUNAVUT AND THE NUNAVUT LEGAL SERVICES BOARD
  • 2.1 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATION
    • 2.1.1 Population size and distribution by age group
    • 2.1.2 Family structure
    • 2.1.3 Housing and living arrangements
    • 2.1.4 Education
    • 2.1.5 Language and ancestry
    • 2.1.6 Crime and policing
    • 2.1.7 Employment
    • 2.1.8 Incidence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and/or Effect
  • 2.2 THE LEGAL SYSTEM
    • 2.2.1 The history of Nunavut's legal system
    • 2.2.2 The current legal system
  • 2.3 NUNAVUT LEGAL SERVICES BOARD (NLSB)
    • 2.3.1 The history of the NLSB
    • 2.3.2 Roles and responsibilities of the NLSB
    • 2.3.3 Current resources of the NLSB
    • 2.3.4 Current legal aid service delivery statistics
  • 2.4 SUMMARY OF SECTION 2.0
• 3. SERVICE DELIVERY: DEMAND, PATTERN, AND QUALITY
  • 3.1 IMPACT OF COURT STRUCTURE
    • 3.1.1 Nunavut Court of Justice
    • 3.1.2 Justice of the Peace courts
  • 3.2 IMPACT OF GEOGRAPHY
  • 3.3 IMPACT OF CULTURE
  • 3.4 SUMMARY OF SECTION 3.0
• 4. COST OF SERVICE PROVISION
  • 4.1 SIGNIFICANT COST DRIVERS IN NUNAVUT
    • 4.1.1 Geographic cost drivers
    • 4.1.2 Socio-economic cost drivers
    • 4.1.3 Political cost drivers
    • 4.1.4 Scarcity of human resources
  • 4.2 IMPACT OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
    • 4.2.1 Federal legislation
    • 4.2.2 Federal policies
    • 4.2.3 Federal resource allocation decisions
  • 4.3 SUMMARY OF SECTION 4.0
• 5. THE EXTENT OF UNMET NEED FOR LEGAL SERVICES
  • 5.1 UNMET NEEDS IN FAMILY AND CIVIL LAW
    • 5.1.1 The current level of service in family and civil law
    • 5.1.2 Unmet need in family and civil law
    • 5.1.3 Resources required to improve family and civil law service delivery
  • 5.2 UNMET NEEDS IN CIRCUIT COURTS
    • 5.2.1 Current level of service in circuit courts
    • 5.2.2 Resources required to improve service delivery in circuit courts
  • 5.3 UNMET NEEDS IN JUSTICE OF THE PEACE COURTS
    • 5.3.1 Current level of service in Justice of the Peace courts
    • 5.3.2 Unmet need in Justice of the Peace courts
    • 5.3.3 Resources required to improve service delivery in Justice of the Peace courts
  • 5.4 UNMET NEEDS PRIOR TO FIRST APPEARANCE
    • 5.4.1 Current level of service prior to first appearance
    • 5.4.2 Unmet need prior to first appearance
    • 5.4.3 Resources required to improve service delivery prior to first appearance
  • 5.5 UNMET NEEDS FOR PRISONERS ON REMAND
  • 5.6 SUMMARY OF SECTION 5.0
• 6. IMPACT OF UNMET NEEDS
  • 6.1 IMPACT ON THE ACCUSED
    • 6.1.1 Unmet need in circuit courts and JP Court
    • 6.1.2 Unmet need prior to first appearance
    • 6.1.3 Unmet need in family and civil law
  • 6.2 ON THE VICTIM OR OTHER PARTY
  • 6.3 ON THE COMMUNITY
    • 6.3.1 Effects of delays in circuit courts
    • 6.3.2 Emotional effects
    • 6.3.3 Increased interaction and responsibilities
  • 6.4 ON NLSB STAFF
  • 6.5 ON THE NUNAVUT LEGAL SYSTEM
    • 6.5.1 Effect of lack of representation in Justice of the Peace courts
    • 6.5.2 Effect of unmet need in circuit courts on probation officers
    • 6.5.3 Effect of unmet family law needs on demand for criminal representation
  • 6.6 SUMMARY OF SECTION 6.0
• 7. COURTWORKERS
  • 7.1 CURRENT ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
    • 7.1.1 Responsibilities of Nunavut's Courtworkers
  • 7.2 POTENTIAL TO MEET UNMET NEEDS
  • 7.3 RESOURCES REQUIRED TO FULFILL POTENTIAL
  • 7.4 SUMMARY OF SECTION 7.0
• 8. PUBLIC LEGAL EDUCATION AND INFORMATION
  • 8.1 CURRENT PLEI INITIATIVES
  • 8.2 UNMET PLEI NEEDS
  • 8.3 RESOURCES REQUIRED TO MEET UNMET PLEI NEEDS
    • 8.3.1 Improving PLEI delivery
    • 8.3.2 Concerns about increased PLEI
    • 8.3.3 Allocating responsibility for PLEI
• 8.4 SUMMARY OF SECTION 8.0
• 9. PROPOSED SOLUTIONS
  • 9.1 PROPOSED SOLUTIONS FOR STAKEHOLDERS OF THE NUNAVUT LEGAL SERVICES PLAN
  • 9.2 PROPOSED SOLUTIONS FOR THE BROADER NUNAVUT JUSTICE SYSTEM
• 10. CONCLUSION
• APPENDIX A - QUESTIONS FROM THE TERMS OF REFERENCE
• APPENDIX B - LIST OF INTERVIEWEES
• APPENDIX C - WORKSHOP ATTENDANCE LISTS
• APPENDIX D - CLIENT SURVEY QUESTIONS

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

• FIGURE 2.1: MAP OF NUNAVUT SHOWING COMMUNITIES AND REGIONS
• FIGURE 2.2: POPULATION OF NUNAVUT BY AGE GROUP (1996)
• FIGURE 2.3: FAMILY STRUCTURE BY PROVINCE OR TERRITORY (1996)
• FIGURE 2.4: AVERAGE NUMBER OF PERSONS PER HOUSEHOLD BY PROVINCE OR TERRITORY (1996)
• FIGURE 2.5: LEVEL OF EDUCATION, NWT (INCL. NU) VS. CANADA (1996)
• FIGURE 2.6: RATIO OF POPULATION TO POLICE OFFICERS BY PROVINCE OR TERRITORY (2001)
• FIGURE 2.7: UNEMPLOYMENT RATES IN NUNAVUT COMMUNITIES (1996)
• FIGURE 2.8: NLSB BUDGET (1999/2000 TO 2002/2003)
• TABLE 2.1: NLSB BUDGET (2002/2003)
• FIGURE 2.9: NUMBER OF LEGAL AID APPLICATIONS BY TYPE (1999 - APRIL 2002)
• FIGURE 2.10: APPLICATIONS RECEIVED VS. APPLICATIONS DENIED (1999 - APRIL 2002)
• FIGURE 2.11: APPLICATIONS DENIED BY TYPE OF LEGAL AID REQUESTED (1999 - APRIL 2002)
• FIGURE 2.12: REASONS FOR DENIAL OF APPLICATION (1999 - APRIL 2002)
• TABLE 2.2: SUMMARY OF SECTION 2.0
• TABLE 3.1: DRAFT CIRCUIT SCHEDULE (2002)
• FIGURE 3.1: ADJOURNED CHARGES VS. OVERALL CHARGES IN CIRCUIT COURTS (SEPTEMBER 2000 TO APRIL 2002)
• FIGURE 3.2: RATIO OF "NORMAL" TO "UNUSUAL" ADJOURNMENTS (SEPTEMBER 2000 TO APRIL 2002) DISCONTINUITY IN DEFENCE COUNSEL
• FIGURE 3.3: CHARGES COVERED BY PRESUMED ELIGIBILITY VS. CHARGES COVERED BY A LEGAL AID APPLICATION (SEPTEMBER 2000 TO APRIL 2002)
• TABLE 3.2: SUMMARY OF SECTION 3.0
• TABLE 4.1: SAMPLE HISTORICAL TRAVEL COSTS
• TABLE 4.2: SUMMARY OF SECTION 4.0
• TABLE 5.1: SUMMARY OF SECTION 5.0
• TABLE 6.1: SUMMARY OF SECTION 6.0
• TABLE 7.1: SUMMARY OF SECTION 7.0
• TABLE 8.1: SUMMARY OF SECTION 8.0

ACRONYMS

• AJA Access to Justice Agreement (between the federal government and the GN)
• CJC Community Justice Committees GN Government of Nunavut
• JP Justice of the Peace
• NCJ Nunavut Court of Justice
• NLSB Nunavut Legal Services Board
• NTI Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated
• NU Nunavut
• NWT Northwest Territories
• YCJC Youth Community Justice Committees

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