Police Discretion with Young Offenders

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List of Figures

• II.1  How police become aware of youth-related incidents

• II.2  Proportion of apprehended young persons charged, Canada, 1977-2000

• II.3  Percentage of apprehended young persons charged, by province, 2000

• II.4  Proportion of apprehended young persons charged, by province, 1977-2000

• II.5  Incident clearance status, all UCR2 respondents, 2001

• II.6  Clearance status of youth-related incidents, UCR2 Trend Database respondents, 1995-2001

• II.7  Clearance status of youth-related incidents, all UCR2 respondents, by province, 2001

• II.8  Frequency of consideration of use of informal action

• II.9  Tracking informal warnings in the RMS

• II.10  Other types of informal action

• II.11  Types of pre-charge diversion programs available for referrals of youth

• II.12  Feedback on Alternative Measures cases

• II.13  Is feedback on Alternative Measures useful (or would it be, if it were available)?

• II.14  Rates of young persons apprehended and charged for offences against the administration of justice, Canada, 1977-2000

• II.15  Proportion of young persons apprehended for offences against the administration of justice who were charged, Canada, 1977-2000

• II.16  Rates of young persons apprehended for common offences against the administration of justice, Canada, 1977-2000

• II.17  Discretion with Administration of Justice incidents

• II.18  Use of the summons with young persons

• II.19  Use of the Appearance Notice with young persons

• II.20  Reasons for release on a Promise to Appear

• II.21  Conditions of OIC Undertakings

• II.22  Reasons for detention for a JIR hearing

• II.23  Offences for which police almost always arrest and detain

• III.1  Clearance status of youth-related incidents, all UCR2 respondents, by province, 2001

• III.2  Types of communities served by police agencies in the sample

• III.3  Police services in communities with poverty problem areas, by region

• III.4  Conditions of OIC Undertakings by low-income/poverty area

• III.5  Reasons to detain for a JIR hearing, by poverty problem area

• III.6  Police services in communities with significant transient youth, by region

• III.7  Aboriginal populations served by police services

• III.8  Regional distribution of police agencies which serve aboriginal populations

• III.9  Regional distribution of police agencies which perceive "a lot" of youth crime

• III.10  Types of informal action used, by the perceived level of youth crime in the community

• III.11  Reasons to detain a young person for a JIR hearing, by perceived level of youth crime in the community

• III.12  Types of youth crime which are prevalent in the community

• III.13  Regional distribution of police agencies which report dealing with a significant amount of serious violent youth crime

• III.14  Regional distribution of police agencies reporting youth gang problems

• III.15  Regional distribution of police agencies reporting teenage prostitution

• III.16  Regional distribution of police agencies reporting significant number of administration of justice offences involving young persons

• III.17  Officers' perceptions of community-police relations

• III.18  Regional distribution of police officers' perceptions of community support

• IV.1  Distribution of the sizes of police services in the sample

• IV.2  Size pf police services, by type of community

• IV.3  Proportion of decentralized police agencies, by size of police service

• IV.4  Proportion of decentralized police agencies, by type of community

• IV.5  Degree of hierarchy in police services, by type of community

• IV.6  Degree of hierarchy in police services, by size of police service

• IV.7  Regional distribution of police agencies with youth specialization

• IV.8  Reasons to detain for JIR hearing by specialization

• IV.9  Functions of SLOs/SROs

• IV.10  Functions of SLOs/SROs, by type of community

• IV.11  Regional distribution of police agencies with SLOs/SROs

• IV.12  Clearance status of youth-related incidents, by type of SLO, 2001

• IV.13  Procedural models for the authority to charge young person

• IV.14  Regional distribution of procedural models for the authority to charge young persons

• IV.15  Style of policing by location of service

• IV.16  Regional distribution of styles of policing

• IV.17  Styles of policing by type of community

• IV.18  Styles of policing by whether a First Nations reserve is in the police agency's jurisdiction

• IV.19  Regional distribution of adoption of the philosophical dimension of community policing

• IV.20  Police services which provided documentation on the strategic dimension of community policing

• IV.21  Level of commitment by police agencies to community policing

• IV.22  Regional distribution of the level of commitment by police agencies to community policing

• IV.23  Views on agency's support for community policing, by location of service

• IV.24  Regional distribution of the level of involvement of police services in crime prevention programs

• IV.25  Types of crime prevention programs

• IV.26  Regional distribution of involvement by police agencies in youth gang related crime prevention programs

• IV.27  Regional distribution of involvement by police agencies in youth violence related crime prevention programs

• IV.28  Type of involvement in problem-oriented policing

• IV.29  Regional distribution of the extent of adoption of the POP model

• V.1  Regional distribution of views on teh impact of the victim's preference

• V.2  Views ont he impact of victim preference, by locationo f service

• V.3  Regional distribution of views on the impact on decision-making of gang-related crime

• V.4  Regional distribution of views ont he impact on decision-making of the youth's prior record

• V.5  Views on the impact of the youth's prior record, by the officer's location of service

• V.6  The effect of the youth's demeanour on police decision-making

• V.7  The impact on decision-making of the youth's demeanour, by the type of community and the perceived level of youth crime

• V.8  Regional distribution of views ont he impact on decision-making of the youth's demeanour

• V.9  Regional distribution of views on the impact on decision-making of the youth's demeanour, by the perceived level of youth crime in the jurisdiction

• V.10  Regional distribution of views on the impact on decision-making of the youth's demeanour, by jurisdiction over a First Nations reserve

• V.11  The effect of the offender's age on police decision-making

• V.12  Regional distribution of views on the impact on decision-making of the youth's age

• V.13  The effect of a youth's gang affiliation onpolice decision-making

• V.14  Regional distribution of views on the impact on decision-making of the youth's gang affiliation

• V.15  The effect of home and school situations on police decision-making

• V.16  Regional distribution of views on the impact on decision-making of the youth's home and school situations

• V.17  The effect of parental involvement on police decision-making

• V.18  Regional distribution of views on the impact on decision-making of the youth's parents' involvement

• V.19  Overall ranking of situational factors affecting police decision-making with youth

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