Environmental Scan: Access to Justice in Both Official Languages

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Bibliography

Constitutional and Statutory Enactments

• Constitution Act, (U.K.), 30 & 31 Victoria, c. 3.
• Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act, 1982 (U.K.), 1982, c. 11.
• Official Languages Act, R.S.C. (1985), c. 31 (4th Supp.), c. O-3.01.
• Criminal Code, R.S.C. (1985), c. C-46, Part XVII, ss. 530, 530.1.
• Northwest Territories Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. N-27.
• Official Languages Act of New Brunswick, R.S.N.B. 1973, c. O-1.
• Official Languages Act, R.S.N.W.T. 1988, c. O-1.
• Yukon Languages Act, S.Y. 1988, c. 13.
• Act respecting the Use of the English and French Languages in Saskatchewan, R.S.S. 1980, c. L-6.1.
• Languages Act, R.S.A. 1988, c. L-7.5.
• Courts of Justice Act, R.S.O., 1990, c. 43.
• French Services Act, S.P.E.I. 1999, c. 13.

Case law

• Jones v. A.G. New Brunswick, [1975] 2 S.C.R. 182.
• Attorney General of Quebec v. Blaikie (No. 1), [1979] 2 S.C.R. 1011.
• Forest v. Attorney General of Manitoba, [1979] 2 S.C.R. 1032.
• Attorney General of Quebec v. Blaikie (No. 2), [1981] 1 S.C.R. 312.
• McEvoy v. Attorney General of New Brunswick, [1983] 1 S.C.R. 704.
• R. v. Wetmore, [1983] 2 S.C.R. 284.
• A.G. Canada v. Canadian National Transportation, [1983] 2 S.C.R. 206.
• Reference re Manitoba Language Rights, [1985] 1 S.C.R. 721.
• R. v. Big M Drug Mart, [1985] 1 S.C.R. 295.
• R. v. Tremblay (1985), 41 Sask. R. 49.
• Société des Acadiens du Nouveau-Brunswick v. Association of Parents for Fairness in Education, [1986] 1 S.C.R. 549.
• MacDonald v. City of Montreal, [1986] 1 S.C.R. 460.
• Bilodeau v. Attorney General of Manitoba, [1986] 1 S.C.R. 449.
• International Terminal Operators Ltd. v. Miida Electronics inc., [1986] 1 S.C.R. 752.
• Beauregard v. Canada, [1986] 2 S.C.R. 56.
• McConnell v. Fédération des Franco-Colombiens (1986), 31 D.L.R. (4d) 293.
• R. v. Lefebvre (1986), 48 Alta LR (2d) 124.
• Re French Language Rights of Accused in Saskatchewan Criminal Proceedings, [1987] 5 W.W.R. 577 (C.A. Sask.).
• R. v. Mercure, [1988] 1 S.C.R. 234.
• R. v. Paquette, [1988] 1 W.W.R. 97.
• Devine v. Quebec (Attorney General), [1988] 2 S.C.R. 790.
• Andrews v. Law Society of British Columbia, [1989] 1 S.C.R. 143.
• Ringuette v. Canada and Newfoundland (1987), 63 NPEIR 126.
• R. v. Boudreau (1990), 111 N.B.R. (2d).
• R. v. LeBlanc (C.J.R.) (1990), 101 N.B.R. (2d) 416.
• R. v. Lefebvre (No. 2) (1990), 76 Alta L.R. (2d) 370; [1993] A.J. 94.
• R. v. Allain (1991), 70 Man. R. (2d) 161.
• R. v. Sorensen (1990), 59 CCC (3d) 211 (Ont. Ct. Gen. Div.).
• R. v. Langlois, [1991] B.C.J. 2887.
• R. v. Goodine (1992), 71 C.C.C. (3d) 146 (C.A. Ont.).
• R. v. Rodrigue (1994), 91 C.C.C. (3d) 455; (1995), 95 C.C.C. (3d) 129.
• Lavigne v. R. (Human Resources Development), [1995] F.C.J. 737.
• R. v. Rottiers, [1995] S.J. 421.
• R. v. Simard (1995), 105 C.C.C. 3d. 461 (Ont. C.A.).
• Reference re Remuneration of Judges of the Provincial Court of Prince Edward Island, [1997] 3 S.C.R. 3.
• Reference re Secession of Quebec, [1998] 2 S.C.R. 217.
• Eurig Estate (Re), [1998] 2 S.C.R. 565.
• R. v. Montour, [1998] Q.J. 2629.
• Baker v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [1999] 2 S.C.R. 817.
• Beaulac v. R., [1999] 1 S.C.R. 768.
• Noiseux v. Belval (1999), 134 CCC (3d) 225 (Que. C.A.).
• R. v. Deveaux, [1999] N.S.J. No. 477.
• Arsenault-Cameron et al. v. Government of Prince Edward Island, [1999] 3 S.C.R. 851.
• Lavigne v. Québec, [2000] Q.J. 5791.
• Commissioner of Official Languages v. Canada (Minister of Justice), 2001 F.C.T.D. 239.
• Fédération Franco-Ténoise et al. v. Procureure générale du Canada et Gouvernement des T.N.-O., filed on October 9, 2001).
• Lalonde et al. v. Commission de restructuration des services de santé, Ontario Court of Appeal, docket C33807, December 7, 2001.
• Charlebois v. Mowatt and the City of Moncton, 2001 NBCA 117.

Journal Articles and Other Literature

• Association des juristes d'expression française du Manitoba. Rapport sur la réforme de la Cour provinciale, June 1995.
• Association des juristes d'expression française du Manitoba. Mémoire soumis au juge Richard Chartier dans le cadre de son étude au sujet de la politique sur les services en français et de son application, Manitoba, 1998, 32 pp.
• Association des juristes d'expression française de la Saskatchewan. Mémoire relatif à l'établissement d'une Cour provinciale bilingue itinérante en Saskatchewan, submitted to the Minister of Justice of Saskatchewan, March 29, 2001.
• Aubin, Christine. Analyse de l'accès à la justice en français en Colombie-Britannique, for the Fédération des Francophones de la Colombie-Britannique, 1995.
• Bastarache, Michel. "La situation du français dans les tribunaux du Nouveau-Brunswick" (1997), 1 Rev. de la common law en français 263.
• Braën, André. "L'interprétation judiciaire des droits linguistiques au Canada et l'affaire Beaulac" (1998), 29 Revue Générale de Droit 379-409.
• Campbell, Gordon Scott. "Language, Equality and the Charter: collective versus individual rights in Canada and beyond", [1993] 4 NJCL 29-73.
• Canada, Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. "The Equitable Use of English and French Before the Courts in Canada", study by the Commissioner of Official Languages, Ottawa, 1995, The Commissioner.
• Canada, Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. The Equitable Use of French and English Before Federal Courts and Administrative Tribunals Exercising Quasi-Judicial Powers, Ottawa, 1999, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada.
• Chartier, R. Above All, Common Sense: Report and Recommendations on French Language Services Within the Government of Manitoba, Manitoba, 1998, The Commissioner Honourable Judge Richard Chartier.
• Choudry, Sujit and Robert Howse. Constitutional Theory and the Quebec Secession Reference, [2000] 13 CJLJ 143.
• Cousineau, Marc and Michel Landry."Le maintien de l'inégalité du français et de l'anglais au sein du système judiciaire" (1999), 24 Revue du nouvel-Ontario.
• Cousineau, Marc. The use of French within the Ontario judicial system: an unrealized right, Report prepared for the Ministry of the Attorney General of Ontario, Ottawa, 1994, 154 pp.
• Doucet, Michel. "Les droits linguistiques: une nouvelle règle d'interprétation", 16 Le Bulletin des avocats, summer 2000, No. 3, 1(6).
• Doucet, Michel. Mémoire relatif à l'importance et aux avantages d'une loi sur les services en français en Nouvelle-Écosse, commissioned by the Association des juristes d'expression française de la Nouvelle-Écosse, February 2001.
• Doucet, Michel. Rapport final: Groupe de travail sur les langues officielles (collective work), Association des juristes francophones du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, N.B., 1998.
• Elliot, R. M. "References, Structural Argumentation and the Organizing Principles of Canada's Constitution" (2001), 80 Can. Bar Rev. 67.
• Final Report of the Special Committee of the Canadian Bar Association - Nova Scotia Branch, Canadian Bar Association Resolution 2-03-A Pleading in French before Nova Scotia Courts. Presented to Cecilia I. Johnstone, Q.C., President of the Canadian Bar Association, Ottawa, Ontario.
• Foucher, Pierre. "Les droits linguistiques au Canada", in Francophonies minoritaires au Canada, Moncton, Éditions d'Acadie, 1998, pp. 307-323.
• Foucher, Pierre. "La situation des minorités linguistiques dans les provinces canadiennes", in Minorités et organisation de l'État, Brussels, Bruylant, 1999, pp. 523-560.
• Gibson, Dale. "Constitutional Vibes: Reflections on the Secession Reference", [2000] 11 NJCL 49.
• Gold, The Hon. Alan B. Q.C., LL. D. (Committee President). Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Access to Justice in the English Language in the District of Montreal, Government of Canada, 1995.
• LeVasseur, J.L. Gilles. Le statut juridique du français en Ontario, Ottawa, Presses de l 'Université de Montréal, 1989.
• MacMillan, C. Michael. The Practice of Language Rights in Canada, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1998
• Magnet, Joseph Elliot. Official Languages of Canada: Perspectives from Law, Policy and the Future, Cowansville, Quebec, Éditions Yvon Blais, 1995.
• McConnell, W.H. "Bilingualism in the Prairies: the Constitutional Status of French" (1989), 53 Saskatchewan Law Review 143-152.
• Monahan, Patrick. "The Public Policy Role of the Supreme Court of Canada in the Secession Reference", [2000] 11 NJCL 65.
• Newman, Warren. "Réflexions sur la portée véritable des principes constitutionnels dans l'interprétation et l'application de la Constitution du Canada", [2001] 13 NLCL 117.
• Barreau de Montréal. Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Access to Justice in the English Language in the District of Montreal, March 31, 1995.
• Richard, The Hon. John D. "Le bilinguisme judiciaire au Canada", [2001] 42 C. de D. 389.
• Rojas, Eliane. Rapport d'enquête sur les attitudes et les besoins des juristes de l'Ouest canadien quant à l'offre de services juridiques en français, submitted to the Institut Joseph-Dubuc, 1999.
• Savoie, Roger. "Les possibilités d'une common law plurielle : point de vue d'un observateur-participant" (1997), 1 Revue de la common law en français 297-3023 [sic].
• Soublière, Renée. "Les perpétuels tiraillements des tribunaux dans l'interprétation des droits linguistiques" (2001), 4 Revue de la common law en français 1.
• Walters, Mark. The Common Law Constitution in Canada: Return of Lex Non Scripta as Fundamental Law, [2001] 51 UTLJ 91.
• Wissell, Michel. Follow-up on special study of Federal offices designated to respond to the public in English and French in Manitoba. Ottawa, Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages, 1998.

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