Re-Thinking Access to Criminal Justice in Canada: A Critical Review of Needs, Responses and Restorative Justice Initiatives

• Previous Page

Table of Contents

• Acknowledgements
• About the Authors
• Executive Summary
• Preamble
• 1. The context and concepts of Criminal Justice: from Access to Justice to Access to Justice
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 The Context of Recent Access to Justice Developments
    • 1.2.1 The context of civil and criminal justice
    • 1.2.2 The context of goals for criminal justice, punishment and sentencing
    • 1.2.3 The context of restorative justice in Canada
  • 1.3 Public and Private Dimensions of Justice
    • 1.3.1 The requirement of "community"
    • 1.3.2 Individuals and power relationships
    • 1.3.3 Privatization of justice: ideology and social change
  • 1.4 Equality and Social Justice
• 2. Re-Assessing "Needs" in Relation to Access and Justice
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Aboriginal "Needs" for Justice: A Need for Aboriginal Justice?
  • 2.3 The "Needs" of Offenders in Criminal Justice Processes
  • 2.4 The "Needs" of Victims and Communities for Justice
• 3. Challenging the Mainstream: Approaches to Increasing Access to Criminal Justice
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Transformative Justice
  • 3.3 Restorative Justice
    • 3.3.1 Introduction
    • 3.3.2 Principles and characteristics of restorative justice
    • 3.3.3 Relationship with the mainstream system
    • 3.3.4 Relationship between criminal and civil justice
    • 3.3.5 Responding to needs
  • 3.4 Restorative Justice Initiatives
    • 3.4.1 Introduction
    • 3.4.2 "Piecemeal" Responses
      • 3.4.2.1 Introduction
      • 3.4.2.2 Legal aid
      • 3.4.2.3 Victim-centred initiatives
      • 3.4.2.4 Offender-directed initiatives
      • 3.4.2.5 Community-centred initiatives
    • 3.4.3 The Three Main Restorative Justice Approaches
      • 3.4.3.1 Introduction
      • 3.4.3.2 Victim offender mediation
      • 3.4.3.3 (Family) group conferencing
      • 3.4.3.4 Aboriginal communities and circles
• 4. A Step Back …Towards the Future
  • 4.1 Reflections
  • 4.2 Future Directions
• 5. Conclusion
• Bibliography