References

Bates, J. (2021). Submission to the Department of Justice on the Family Law Review. Representative for Children and Youth Office. https://rcynu.ca/sites/rcynu.ca/files/RCYO_2021_FamilyLawSubmission_EN.pdf

Battams, N. (2022). Sharing a roof: Multigenerational homes in Canada (2021 census update). The Vanier Institute of the Family. https://vanierinstitute.ca/sharing-a-roof-multigenerational-homes-in-canada-2021-census-update/

Bertrand, L. D., Paetsch, J. J., Hornick, J. P., Bala, N. M. C. (2002). A profile of legal aid services in family law matter in Canada. Department of Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/fl-lf/famil/rr03_la12-rr03_aj12/rr03_la12.pdf

Birnbaum, R. & Bala, N. (2019). The impact of the lack of legal aid in family law cases. Department of Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/lafl-ljdf/docs/RSD_RR2019_The_Impact_of_the_Lack_of_Legal_Aid_in_Family_Law_Cases_EN.pdf

Boyd, J.E. (2019). JP Boyd on family law: Resolving family law disputes in British Columbia. https://wiki.clicklaw.bc.ca/prerender/pdfs/JP_Boyd_on_Family_Law.pdf

Boyd, S. B. & Dhaliwal, K. (2015). Race is not a determinative factor: Mixed race children and custody cases in Canada. Canadian Journal of Family Law, 29(2). https://commons.allard.ubc.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1026&context=can-j-fam-l

Butler, C. (2022). Access to justice still a problem as some Ontario family courts return to in-person hearings. CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/ontario-family-court-pandemic-1.6397469

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). (2021). CRTC Broadband Fund to help improve broadband Internet access services for five communities in Alberta and Nova Scotia. https://www.canada.ca/en/radio-television-telecommunications/news/2021/12/crtc-broadband-fund-to-help-improve-broadband-internet-access-services-for-five-communities-in-alberta-and-nova-scotia.html

Ciavaglia-Burns. (2021). Profile of family law cases in Canada, 2019/2020. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2021001/article/00011-eng.htm

Ciavaglia-Burns, L., Haringa, M., & Henry, V. (2023). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on civil court cases in Canada. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/11-627-M2023027

Cross, P. (2021). First Nation vs family law case: Part three. https://lukesplace.ca/first-nation-vs-family-law-case-part-three/

Department of Justice Canada. (2016). Self-represented litigants in family law. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/fl-lf/divorce/jf-pf/srl-pnr.html

Department of Justice Canada. (2022a). Confidence in the Canadian family justice system 2022. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/njs2022_2-snj2022_2/index.html

Department of Justice Canada. (2022b). HELP toolkit: Identifying and responding to family violence for family law legal advisers – supplemental material. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/fl-df/help-aide/tab8-onglet8.html#:~:text=The%20period%20around%20separation%20or,partner%20is%20thinking%20about%20leaving

Department of Justice Canada. (2022c). Legal aid in Canada 2020-21. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/aid-aide/2021/p1.html

Department of Justice Canada. (2022d). Strengthening and modernizing Canada’s family justice system. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/fl-df/cfl-mdf/01.html

Department of Justice Canada (2022e). Navigator programs in Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/npc-pac/pdf/Navigator_Research_in_Brief_EN.pdf

Gallagher-Mackay, K. (2003). Report on family law research in Nunavut. Department of Justice Canada. https://cfcj-fcjc.org/sites/default/files/docs/hosted/18574-family_law_nu.pdf

Friedland, H., Asch, J. & Napoleon, V. (2015). A toolkit for on-reserve matrimonial real property dispute resolution. Centre of Excellence for Matrimonial Real Property. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/handle/1828/12637

Gouvernement du Québec. (2019). Public Inquiry Commission on relations between Indigenous Peoples and certain public services in Québec: listening, reconciliation and progress. Final Report. https://www.cerp.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/Fichiers_clients/Rapport/Final_report.pdf

Guay, C., Grammond, S, & Delisle-L'Heureux, C. (2019). La famille élargie, incontournable chez les Innus. Service Social 64(1), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.7202/1055893ar

Hébert, W., Burke, N. B., Santini, T., Suerich-Gulick, F., & Barile, D. (2022). A qualitative look at serious legal problems: Trans, Two-Spirit, and non-binary people in Canada. Department of Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/qlslpttnpc-rqpjgptbnc/pdf/RSD_2022_Trans_2spirit_non_binary_qualitative_report_EN2.pdf

Heidinger, L. (2022). Violent victimization and perceptions of safety: Experiences of First Nations, Métis and Inuit women in Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/pub/85-002-x/2022001/article/00004-eng.pdf?st=FVDdWXWi

Housefather, A. (2017). Access to Justice Part 2: Legal Aid. Report of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights. House of Commons, Canada. https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/parl/xc66-1/XC66-1-1-421-16-eng.pdf

Hrymak, H. & Hawkins, K. (2020). Understanding section 211 reports. Rise Women’s Legal Centre. https://womenslegalcentre.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Section-211-Report-Plain-Language-Guide-English-WEB.pdf

Hrymak, H. & Hawkins, K. (2021). Why can’t everyone just get along: How BC’s family law system puts survivors in danger. Rise Women’s Legal Centre. https://womenslegalcentre.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Why-Cant-Everyone-Just-Get-Along-Rise-Womens-Legal-January2021.pdf.

Indigenous Services Canada. (2020). Annual Report to Parliament 2020. https://www.sac-isc.gc.ca/eng/1602010609492/1602010631711

Indigenous Services Canada. (2020). Annual Report to Parliament 2020. https://www.sac-isc.gc.ca/eng/1602010609492/1602010631711

Johnston, L. (2013). The BC Family Law Act: A plain language guide for women who have experienced abuse. Centre for Feminist Legal Studies. https://www.bwss.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/fla_guide.pdf

King’s Printer for Ontario. (2022). Ontario Recognizes Indigenous Marriage Ceremonies. https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/58746/ontario-recognizes-indigenous-marriage-ceremonies

Koshan, J. (2021). Family violence and family law in Alberta: The need for legislative reform. The University of Calgary Law Blog. https://ablawg.ca/2021/11/03/family-violence-and-family-law-in-alberta-the-need-for-legislative-reform-and-expansive-statutory-interpretation/

Kuokkanen, R. (2019). Restructuring Relations: Indigenous Self-Determination, Governance, and Gender. New York: Oxford University Press, 31-32.

Law Commission of Ontario. (2012). Towards a more efficient and responsive family law system. https://www.lco-cdo.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/family-law-reform-interim-report.pdf

Law Foundation of BC. (2005). Poverty law needs assessment and gap/overlap analysis. https://www.lawfoundationbc.org/wp-content/uploads/PovertyLawNeedsAssessment_NOV05.pdf

Law Society of Saskatchewan. (2018). Final report of the Legal Services Task Team. https://www.lawsociety.sk.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/107840-legal_services_task_team_report_august_14-_2018-1.pdf

Legal Aid BC. (2021). Living together or living apart: Common-law relationships, marriage, separation, and divorce. https://family.legalaid.bc.ca/publications/living-together-or-living-apart

Link, Mwunvaneza, & Schroh. (2018). Improving access to civil and family legal services in rural Saskatchewan. University of Saskatchewan College of Law. https://law.usask.ca/documents/research/deans-forum/AccessinRuralSaskatchewan-PolicyDIscussionPaper.pdf

Manitoba Law Foundation. (2021). Literature review on access to justice for family and civil matters. https://www.manitobalawfoundation.org/literature-review/

McCallum, M. & Hrymak, H. (2022). Decolonizing family law through trauma-informed practices. Rise Women’s Legal Centre. https://womenslegalcentre.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Decolonizing-Family-Law-RiseWomensLegal-Jan-2022-WEB.pdf

National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls [NIMMIWG]. (2019). Calls for Justice. https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Calls_for_Justice.pdf

Poitras, K. Birnbaum, R., Saini, M., Bala, N., and Cyr, F. (2021). Family law trials in Canada: Family characteristics and legal processes. Children & Youth Services Review, 123, 105832 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105832

Rahman, S. (2010). Mapping the gap: A summary of legal resources for women in British Columbia. West Coast Leaf. https://www.westcoastleaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/2010-REPORT-Mapping-the-Gap-A-Summary-of-Legal-Resources-for-Women-in-British-Columbia.pdf

Rajan, D. (2021). Serious problems experienced by diverse people with disabilities: Western Canada. A qualitative study. Department of Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/pwdwc-phcw/summary-sommaire.html

Roberts, T. & Associates Consulting. (2021). Legal clinics in Canada: Exploring service delivery and legal outcomes among vulnerable populations in the context of COVID-19. Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/clinics-cliniques/docs/rsd_rr2021_legal-clinics-in-canada-en.pdf

Roberts, T. & Associates Consulting. (2023). Legal aid service delivery in rural and remote communities across Canada: Issues and perspectives in the context of COVID-19. Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/laid-daide/pdf/RSD_RR2023_Roberts_Legal-aid-rural-remote-EN.pdf

Roil, J. F. (2014). External review of legal aid in Newfoundland and Labrador. https://www.gov.nl.ca/jps/files/publications-pdf-legal-aid-review-march2014.pdf

Skinnider, E. & Montgomery, R. (2017). Enhancing access to justice for women living in rural and remote areas of British Columbia: Reviewing practices from Canada and abroad to improve our response. The International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy (ICCLR). https://icclr.org/publications/enhancing-access-to-justice-for-women-living-in-rural-and-remote-areas-of-british-columbia-reviewing-practices-from-canada-and-abroad-to-improve-our-response/

Statistics Canada. (2017). The Aboriginal population in Canada, 2016 Census of Population. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-627-m/11-627-m2017027-eng.htm

Statistics Canada. (2019). Evolution of the language situation in Nunavut, 2001 to 2016. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/89-657-x/89-657-x2019010-eng.htm

Statistics Canada. (2021a). Classification of Indigenous ancestry. https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=1314192&CVD=1314193&CLV=0&MLV=3&D=1

Statistics Canada. (2021b). Dictionary, census of population, 2021: Indigenous ancestry. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/ref/dict/az/Definition-eng.cfm?ID=pop145

Statistics Canada. (2022b). Indigenous population continues to grow and is much younger than the non-Indigenous population, although the pace of growth has slowed. The Daily. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/220921/dq220921a-eng.htm

Statistics Canada. (2022c). State of the union: Canada leads the G7 with nearly one-quarter of couples living common law, driven by Quebec. The Daily. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/220713/dq220713b-eng.htm

Statistics Canada. (2022d). Table 98-10-0276-01 Household and family characteristics of persons including detailed information on stepfamilies by Indigenous identity and residence by Indigenous geography: Canada, provinces and territories. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810027601

Statistics Canada. (2022e). Table 98-10-0278-01 Presence of grandparents in household by Indigenous identity and residence by Indigenous geography: Canada, provinces and territories. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810027801

Track, L., Rahman, S. & Govender, K. (2014). Putting justice back on the map: The route to equal and accessible family justice. West Coast Leaf. https://www.westcoastleaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/2014-REPORT-Putting-Justice-Back-on-the-Map.pdf

Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada [TRC]. (2015). Calls to action. https://ehprnh2mwo3.exactdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Calls_to_Action_English2.pdf

Tsoukalas, S. & Roberts, P. (2002). Legal aid eligibility and coverage in Canada. Department of Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/csj-sjc/jsp-sjp/rr03_la5-rr03_aj5/rr03_la5.pdf

United Nations. (2007). Declaration on the rights of Indigenous People. https://social.desa.un.org/sites/default/files/migrated/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf

Women and Gender Equality Canada. (2022). Fact sheet: Intimate partner violence https://women-gender-equality.canada.ca/en/gender-based-violence-knowledge-centre/intimate-partner-violence.html

Wright, A. C. (2017). An international overview of family law public legal assistance models and recommendations for Alberta. Canadian Research Institute for Law and the Family. CanLIIDocs 278. https://canlii.ca/t/2864