Black people in criminal courts in Canada: An exploration using the relative rate index

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

i: The average RRI should be used with caution as the average RRI was calculated based on a ten-year period due to the unavailability of data in a given year.

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. Guilty includes guilty findings by the court and guilty pleas. Other includes: not criminally responsible, waived out of province or territory, any order where a guilty decision was not recorded, special pleas, cases which raise Charter arguments and unfit to stand trial.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. Guilty includes guilty findings by the court and guilty pleas. Other includes: not criminally responsible, waived out of province or territory, any order where a guilty decision was not recorded, special pleas, cases which raise Charter arguments and unfit to stand trial.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

i: The average RRI should be used with caution as the average RRI was calculated based on a ten-year period due to the unavailability of data in a given year.

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. Other includes: restitution, absolute and conditional discharge, suspended sentence, community service order and prohibition orders.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

i: The average RRI should be used with caution as the average RRI was calculated based on a ten-year period due to the unavailability of data in a given year.

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 10 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. The Northwest Territories do not report conditional sentences at this time. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

i. The average RRI should be used with caution as the average RRI was calculated based on a ten-year period due to the unavailability of data in a given year.

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. Other includes: restitution, absolute and conditional discharge, suspended sentence, community service order and prohibition orders.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

i. The average RRI should be used with caution as the average RRI was calculated based on a ten-year period due to the unavailability of data in a given year.

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. The length of sentenced custody refers to the length of time that remains to be served at sentencing, and not the entire length of the custodial sentence. However, in certain jurisdictions, the length of custody represents the full sentence.

..: not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

i. Caution should be used when looking at median lengths, especially on the youth file as the counts were low but did not meet requirements of Census suppression rules.

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. The length of custodial sentences refers to the length of time that remains to be served at sentencing, and not the entire length of the custodial sentence, However, in certain jurisdictions, the length of custody represents the full sentence. The median represents the point at which half of all cases had longer custodial sentence lengths and half had shorter custodial sentence lengths. Weighted medians were calculated using adjusted Census weights.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16; Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. The length of sentenced custody refers to the length of time that remains to be served at sentencing, and not the entire length of the custodial sentence. However, in certain jurisdictions, the length of custody represents the full sentence.

.. : not available or suppressed (due to yearly reporting)

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice and Community Safety Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey, 2005-06 to 2015-16;

Statistics Canada, Census of population, 2016. Custom tabulation by Department of Justice Canada.

Note: Includes 11 provinces/territories. Quebec and Alberta were excluded as the personal identifiers required for linkage were not available. Black accused includes all individuals who identified as Black on the 2016 Census long-form. White accused includes individuals identified as neither Indigenous, nor as a member of a racialized group. The length of custodial sentences refers to the length of time that remains to be served at sentencing, and not the entire length of the custodial sentence. However, in certain jurisdictions, the length of custody represents the full sentence. The median represents the point at which half of all cases had longer custodial sentence lengths and half had shorter custodial sentence lengths. Weighted medians were calculated using adjusted Census weights.