The Ontario Rural Woman Abuse Study (ORWAS), final report

4. FINDINGS: WOMAN ABUSE IN RURAL ONTARIO

4. FINDINGS: WOMAN ABUSE IN RURAL ONTARIO

Utilising the collective framework developed for the community reports, the following are the key findings of the Ontario Rural Woman Abuse Study.

4.1 Community Awareness and Attitudes about Woman Abuse

4.1.1 Meaning of Abuse

Abuse means different things to different people.  Participants were asked to define abuse in their own community and surrounding area.  Physical, sexual, mental, emotional and financial abuse were all identified.

4.1.2 Stereotypes

Women

Stereotypical roles for men and women can be common in rural communities and can lead women to believe that they must be a ‘good wife’ by avoiding conflict within the family.

Men

Typically, men in rural communities were described as patriarchal, conservative or traditional.  As well, they were seen as the breadwinner, and, for the most part, ‘the good father.’

“I do think … in a rural community you have much more of the old fashioned type attitude where a man is king of his castle and a woman is supposed to do what a woman is supposed to do.  I think that is just the nature of the rural lifestyle.”  (Espanola survivor)

4.1.3 Stigma

Half of the respondents indicated that there is a stigma associated with being an abused woman which frequently prevents them from disclosing the abuse.  This stigma is associated with the negative connotations of being on social assistance and of needing the services of women’s shelters.  Combined, these stigmas might deter women from seeking help.

4.1.4 Woman Blaming

When asked about how the community viewed domestic violence, many of the participants felt that society blames the woman for her situation.

Women also internalise the blame.

4.1.5 Silence and Denial

The most common method of coping with the abuse for almost all of the women was denial.  Denial was the community’s most common response to the violence as well.

Both the victims and the community members confirmed that there is silence around woman abuse in rural communities.

4.1.6 Awareness Paradox

A number of women spoke to the issue of community complicity.  Many identified the paradox of their belief that the abuse was a secret, only to find out later that neighbours, ministers and family members had known about the violence all along but had chosen to remain silent.  There were a variety of explanations for this awareness paradox, including not wanting to get involved, ‘old fashioned’ attitudes concerning gender roles and the sanctity of the family, and the fear that the woman would not have listened anyway.