Secondary Materials

Journal Articles

Andrews, N.H. 1985. “Reporting Case Law: Unreported Cases, the Definition of a Ratio and the Criteria for Reporting Decisions.” Legal Studies: 205.

Phillips, S. and R. Grattet. 2000. “Judicial Rhetoric, Meaning-Making, and the Institutionalization of Hate Crime Law.” Law & Society Review 34: 567.

Saucier, D., Hockett, J., and A. Wallenberg. 2008. “The Impact of Racial Slurs and Racism on the Perceptions and Punishment of Violent Crime.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 23: 685.

Shaffer, M. 1995. “Criminal Responses to Hate-Motivated Violence: Is Bill C-41 Tough Enough?” McGill Law Journal 41: 199.

Book Chapters

Perry, Barbara. 2014. “Exploring the community impacts of hate crime.” In Hall, N., A. Corb, P. Giannasi and J. Grieve (Eds). The Routledge International Handbook on Hate Crime. London. Routledge. p. 47-58.

Government Reports

Allen, Mary. 2015. “Police-reported hate crime in Canada, 2013.” Juristat. Vol. 35, no. 1. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Accessed April 10, 2019.

Fashola, Sidikat. 2011. "Understanding the community impact of hate crimes: A case study." Victims of Crime Research Digest. No. 4. Department of Justice Canada. Ottawa.

Gaudet, Maxime. 2018. “Police-reported hate crime in Canada, 2016.” Juristat. Accessed April 10, 2019 at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/catalogue/85-002-X201800154915

Ibrahim, Dyna. 2018. “Violent victimization and discrimination, by religious affiliation in Canada, 2014.” Juristat. Statistics Canada. Accessed April 10, 2019 at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2018001/article/54914-eng.htm

Lawrence, Austin with Julie Shugarman and Diana Grech. 2009. Hate as an Aggravating Factor in Sentencing in Canada. Ottawa: Department of Justice Canada.

Leber, Ben. 2017. “Police‑reported hate crime in Canada, 2015.” Juristat. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85‑002‑X.

McDonald, Susan and Andrea Hogue. 2007. An Exploration of the Needs of Victims of Hate Crimes. Ottawa: Research and Statistics Division, Department of Justice. Accessed July 24, 2008, at http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/pi/rs/rep-rap/2007/rr07_vic1/rr07_vic1.pdf.

Moreau, M. 2020. “Police-reported hate crime in Canada, 2018.” Juristat. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Accessed June 16, 2020, at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/pub/85-002-x/2020001/article/00003-eng.pdf?st=ebbvL0rA

Perreault, Samuel. 2015. “Criminal victimization in Canada, 2014.”Juristat. Accessed April 10, 2019 at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2015001/article/14241-eng.htm

Perreault, Samuel. 2017. “Canadians’ perceptions of personal safety and crime, 2014.” Juristat. Accessed April 10, 2019 at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-002-x/2017001/article/54889-eng.htm

Roberts, Julian V. 2008. Victim Impact Statements: Lessons Learned and Future Priorities. Victims of Crime Research Digest. Accessed August 13, 2020 at https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/cj-jp/victim/rr07_vic4/p1.html

Statistics Canada. 2018. “Police-reported hate crime, 2017.” Daily release November 29, 2018. Accessed April 10, 2019 at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/181129/dq181129a-eng.htm

Statistics Canada. 2018. “Police-reported hate crime, by type of motivation, Canada (selected police services)”. Accessed April 10, 2019 at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510006601.

Walsh, Phillip and Mia Dauvergne. 2009. “Police-reported hate crime in Canada, 2007.” Juristat. Vol. 29, no. 2. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Accessed June 16, 2020, at https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/pub/85-002-x/2009002/article/10844-eng.pdf?st=C_MgwiIw

Other

Bill C-16, An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code, S.C. 2017, c. 13. Accessed June 19, 2020 at: https://parl.ca/DocumentViewer/en/42-1/bill/C-16/royal-assent

Bill C-305, An Act to amend the Criminal Code (mischief), S.C. 2017, c. 23. Accessed September 13, 2020 at: https://parl.ca/DocumentViewer/en/42-1/bill/C-305/royal-assent

Canadian Victims Bill of Rights, S.C. 2015, c. 13, s. 2. Accessed August 13, 2020 at https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/c-23.7/page-1.html

Canlii, “Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)”. Accessed on July 10, 2020 at https://www.canlii.org/en/info/faq.html#2.3

Department of Justice Canada, “Community Impact Statements”. Accessed June 29, at https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/cj-jp/victims-victimes/factsheets-fiches/community-collectivite.html

Queen’s University Library, “Legal Citation with the 9th edition of the McGill Guide”. Accessed June 29, at https://guides.library.queensu.ca/legalcitation-mcgill-9th/unreported-cases